Friday, December 27, 2019

Accounting Ethics Accounting Principles And Guidelines

Christine Lewis Intermediate Accounting Kim Hurt Ethics Paper Accounting Ethics In accounting, ethics are based on a commitment to honesty and objectivity. Financial reports are to be shown in the clearest and most accurate way possible. Investors, creditors, managers, employees, and even customers need to be confident that their accounting professional is honest and consistent with accounting standards, otherwise there is a loss of trust and an increasing chance of fraud. Pretty much every individual is in some way impacted by the decisions and actions of an accountant they’ll never meet. At the center of accounting ethics is the need to follow the generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP). GAAP is based on three†¦show more content†¦$3.8 billion in expenses were reported as capital investments and more than $3.3 billion was manipulated within the companies reserves. Reserves can be abused to create the accounting equivalent of a slush fund. If a company wanted to distort profits it could transfer the necessary sums from the reserve. The suspicion is that WorldCom deliberately increased its reserves to be able to dip into them to boost profits, to meet profit projections, and to hide the dire state of the company while lining the pockets of the company’s CEO. An internal auditor at Arthur Anderson LLP, the hired accounting firm, caught the discrepancies and she was told to ignore the issue. It was blamed on the Chief Financial Officer and the Controller at the time and nearly all who were involved were fined or sentenced to jail time. The company has since gone through bankruptcy and has been acquired by Verizon Communications. Six senior officers of Waste Management committed financial fraud from 1992 to 1997. The officers weren’t getting the revenues they wanted to see so they â€Å"cooked† the books, as they say, to reach predetermined earnings targets. They failed to record necessary expenses for costs of landfill development, avoided depreciation costs to their garbage trucks, assigned salvage values to equipment that didn’t previously have a salvage value, improperly capitalized some expenses, and increased the environmentalShow MoreRelatedEthics774 Words   |  4 PagesEthics Paper HCS/405 December 12, 2011 Professor Ethics Paper When we talk about financial planning we have to take step back, look at the whole picture, and understand how it begins. Financial Management is the key essential in an organization when you plan financially. Financial Management is the building blocks for all accounting records and business transactions that occur. We cannot forget that decisions are based on the organizations fiscal objectives others are based on generalRead MoreHealth Care Organizations771 Words   |  4 PagesHome Page  » †¢ Other Topics Reporting Practices and Ethics Paper In: Other Topics Reporting Practices and Ethics Paper Reporting Practices and Ethics Paper HCS405 Within today’s health care finance plans financial management is one of the most important aspects. There are numerous financial decisions that are handled from day to day in reference to accounting records and the business transactions that occur within the organization. The organizations fiscal objectives tackleRead MoreEthic Paper843 Words   |  4 PagesEthics Paper Ethics Paper Financial Management is one important part of health care financial planning. Many financial decisions are made on a day to day basis from all the accounting records and all the business transactions which occur. Some are the decisions made according to the organizations fiscal objectives although some are made on generallyRead MoreReporting Practices and Ethics Paper1137 Words   |  5 PagesReporting Practices and Ethics Paper Jackie Melendez HCS/405 Aug 1st, 2011 Donna Nanovski Reporting Practices and Ethics Paper Managers who are managing health care organizations must be attentive to the accounting practices and must obey and practice the financial management procedures to be able to solve any issues if any should arise. With the continuation of the high costs of health care managers as well as consumers must know how to budget carefully. According to All BusinessRead MoreCan Ethics Be Taught? Essay examples1615 Words   |  7 PagesWhat are ethics? Ethics are the set beliefs and values of an individual which they apply to circumstances relating to morality. To act in an ‘ethical’ manner, an individual must display integrity by doing what they believe to be right. When working within any professional body, an individual will be subjected to circumstances in which personal ethics will come into play. The Accounting profession is no different as ethical questions arise as part of any working day and can effect how an individualRead MoreCareer Fair1124 Words   |  5 PagesAbstract Accurate accounting and the understanding can make or break your company or organization; not to mention possible jail time in the worse cases. The first way of ensuring accurate accounting is understanding the objectives. The second way is to understand the terminology of the accounting process and in the financial reporting aspects. The third way is to understand the ethics behind the accounting and reporting process. The forth way is to impement your role in the accounting process. â€Æ' CareerRead MoreFinancial Accounting819 Words   |  4 PagesQUESTION BTN 1-3 Identify the parties potentially affected by this audit and the fee plan proposed Accounting code of ethics guides those in the profession to behave in a respectful, controlled and moral way. Clients need to have confidence in the business practices of professional accounting firms. A clear ethical code ensures that accountants practice a high standard of business that is exceptional in integrity and professionalism (Maughan, 2011). According to Schreiber (2003)Read MoreEthical Issues Of The Managerial Accounting Profession1186 Words   |  5 Pagesto its complexity in today s business world it may generates sort of excesses that can negatively affect the business environment as well as the social life. Therefore, it becomes necessary to stress on the ethics and morals that should be prevalent in the business community. The term ethics in the business environment expresses the expected attitude of the individuals in organizations that carry out certain activities and services. Clearly, today’s business environment has obvious ethical issuesRead MoreEthical Issues Faced by the Accountancy Profession Essay1747 Words   |  7 PagesEthics plays an essential and integral part in the accountancy profession. Professional conduct plays an important role in establishing public trust in financial reporting and business practise. Yet this can and has come under threat when clients and employees are exposed to th e risk of fraud when accounting ethics are not adhered to. Codes of ethics are adopted to ensure the reliability, comparability and integrity of financial statements. Ethical standards exist to safeguard the fundamental principlesRead MoreEthics and Conceptual Framework Paper1333 Words   |  6 PagesEthics and Conceptual Framework Paper Conceptual Framework There are two major philosophies in accounting consisting of a principles-based system for accounting and a rules-based system for accounting. The following discussion will speak about these two philosophies and will define one as being a best fit for encompassing the role of ethics and the conceptual framework. The conceptual framework was established by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) and is used to help define the boundaries

Thursday, December 19, 2019

The Minimum Drinking Age A Rite Of Passage For The...

Consuming alcohol is considered a rite of passage for the average young individual. The minimum drinking age required to legally consume alcohol varies in each country, ranging from it always being legal to drinking being illegal at any age, but most countries have set the age at 18-19. In the United States, as of 1988, the MLDA is 21 throughout its entire territory, while the age of majority starts at 18. This paper analyzes the arguments to lower the minimum drinking age and unify it with the age of majority. The factors discussed are alcohol-related traffic accidents, encouragement of unsafe drinking habits, and inconsistency between the perception of adulthood and the MLDA. In the United States, the minimum age required to legally consume alcohol is twenty-one years, being allowed in some states for young people under the minimum drinking age to consume alcohol under specific controlled circumstances. This particular age is controversial as it does not correspond to the age of ma jority of 18 years embraced by 47 states, which entitles the individual to vote, get married and join the army, among other decisions inherent to adulthood. It is thus seen as contradictory to consider a young person mature enough to take decisions of this nature, but not mature enough to drink alcohol. The minimum legal drinking age (MLDA) has propelled national debates on the subject, primarily promoted by university students, who argument that implementing the MLDA at 21 encouragesShow MoreRelatedAlcohol Marketing and Advertising25059 Words   |  101 Pageswith the industry standard that at least 50% of the advertisement’s audience consists of adults age 21 and over. Nevertheless, the 50% placement standard in effect in 2001 and 2002 permitted the ads to reach a substantial youth audience. This is particularly significant where the products and some ad themes may be attractive to minors. Although it is probable that some teens drink FMBs, teen drinking continued to decline during the period when these beverages were being aggressively marketed. Read MoreFilipino Adolescents in Changing Times*10342 Words   |  42 Pagesfor many reasons. These include a lack of common understanding of the action requirements of the RH framework and an insufficiency of current and relevant data on many aspects of the reproductive health situation of Filipino women and men of various ages and socio-economic status. Serious data gaps exist in the areas of adolescent sexuality, greater male involvement in RH, cancer incidence and management, post-abortion care as well as the cultural context of reproductive tract infections, sexuallyRead MoreSoc Test9122 Words   |  37 Pages critical feminism global feminism liberal feminism radical feminism systematic feminism 10 points Question 6 In her research project, Megan is measuring age, gender, GPA, and study habits. Age, gender, GPA and study habits are examples of Answer social inequality. variables. characteristics. assets. social issues. 10 points Question 7 Read MoreBible Versus the Toran12356 Words   |  50 Pageshighly symbolic vision of the future rebellion, judgement, and consummation of all things. (10) The Bible is the collection of the primary religious texts of Judaism and Christianity. There is no common version of the Bible, as the individual books, their contents and their order vary among denominations. Mainstream Judaism divides the Tanakh into 24 books, while a minority stream of Judaism, the Samaritans, accepts only five. The 24 texts of the Hebrew Bible aer divided into 39 booksRead MoreHesi Practice31088 Words   |  125 Pageshas a diagnosis of acute respiratory distress syndrome. Because the mother is Roman Catholic, which nursing intervention would be most appropriate for the nurse to discuss with her? A. Baptism of the infant. B. Circumcision of the infant. C. Last rites for the infant. D. Sacraments of the sick for the mother. 10. A client with shock brought on by hemorrhage has a temperature of 97.6 °F (36.4â„Æ'), a heart rate of 140 beats/minute, a respiratory rate of 28 breaths/minute, and a blood pressure of 60/30Read MoreSSD2 Module 1 Notes31223 Words   |  125 PagesBase your reproduction and distribution on a need to know basis and the SOP s security classification. Remember, any copies of the SOP not issued will require you to have a place or area to secure them, so keep reproduction of the SOP to a bare minimum. In this lesson, you learned to write a platoon standard operating procedure (SOP) by: Determining the SOP purpose and target audience for distribution, Determining the SOP content, Determining the SOP coordination approval requirement, PreparingRead MoreCommunity Health Nursing Final Exam Study Guide Essay15874 Words   |  64 Pagesextremely expensive. Critical interventions are very costly, and so are all the diagnostic tests that must be done. They usually don’t have insurance. High mental heath issues in the homeless population. High risk for infections, trauma, violence. Don’t age very well. Where do they seek health care services? (pg. 425, Effects of Homeless on Health) Health care is usually crisis oriented and sought in emergency departments. Those who access health care have a hard time following prescribed regimensRead MoreSda Manual Essay101191 Words   |  405 Pages............................................ No Retired Membership List .................................................... TABLE OF CONTENTS Rebaptism ...................................................................................... Individuals From Other Christian Communions ..................... Apostasy and Rebaptism .......................................................... Inappropriate Rebaptism ......................................................... CHAPTER 7 Church Officers andRead MoreLibrary Management204752 Words   |  820 Pages. . . .4 . .6 . .6 . .8 . .8 . 10 . 12 . 13 . . . . . . . 16 . . . . . . . 17 2—The Evolution of Management Thought . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Management in Ancient History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 The Effects of the Industrial Age on Management . . . . . 22 Classical Perspectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Scientific Management Movement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Bureaucratic School . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Read MoreExploring Corporate Strategy - Case164366 Words   |  658 Pages. . . Dance music came from an underground culture and was about being edgy and anti-establishment. At the height of superclub-dom, a club would be  £25 to get in and be full of slightly-older people, glammed up and wearing crap labels. If you are young and want to be cool, you are not going to buy into that.5 For many aï ¬ cionados, the last straw was when the Sugababes got crowned the ‘Best Dance Act’ of 2003. At the end of 2002, Palumbo was obliged to close down his ï ¬â€šagship magazine, Ministry.

Wednesday, December 11, 2019

For many years now I have listened to teachers spe Essay Example For Students

For many years now I have listened to teachers spe Essay ak about Enlightenment or the Age of Reason. However, I have never really understood what made that certain time period the Age of Reason. In this paper, I hope to clarify exactly what the Age of Enlightenment was by using different quotes from authors and notes that I have taken in class. I also hope to show how different authors used deism in their writings. The Enlightenment was an age that stressed reason rather than stressing authority. In Benjamin Franklins Autobiography, he states that he wished to live without committing any fault at any time; that he would conquer all that neither natural inclination, custom or company might lead him into. Habit took the advantage of inattention. Inclination was too strong for reason. He concluded that our interest was not sufficient to prevent our slipping, and that the contrary habits must be broken and good ones acquired and established, before we can have any dependence on a steady uniform rectitude of conduct. (385-386) The authority was very powerful during this time but with many people stressing reason instead of authority, it gradually lost its power. The Enlightenment was a shift from otherworldly to this worldly point of view. The Enlightenment was an interest in scientific inquiry. It was an age of great optimism. It was the belief in human and social perfectibility; that humankinds inherent tendency was to become better human beings. It was an era of self-confidence, where personal effort can lead to reform. That one must analyze and deal with all social problems. Deism was an important factor of the Enlightenment. According to Websters dictionary, deism is a movement or system of thought advocating natural religion, emphasizing morality, and in the 18th century denying the interference of the Creator with the laws of the universe. Benjamin Franklin was a deist. One characteristic of Deism is that Man, though personal, is part of the clockwork of the universe. Man has intelligence, a sense of morality, and a capacity for community and creativity. These, however, are not grounded in Gods character. They have a sort of autonomous nature. Franklin wrote that he was never without some religious principles, that he never doubted the existence of the deity, that he made the world, or governed it. However there were people of that age that were anti-deism. (384) For example Philip Freneau wrote in his poem called On the Universality and other Attributes of the God of Nature, that he lives in all, and never strayed. A moment from the works he made. (565) This was completely out of the concepts of the 18th century characteristics of Enlightenment writings. It was completely anti-deism. Thomas Paine was also a deist during the Enlightenment. He believed in one God, and hoped for happiness beyond his life. He thought that it was necessary to the happiness of man to be mentally faithful to himself. (502) This coincides with a certain characteristic of Enlightenment. Life should be devoted to the pursuit of ones happiness. Another characteristic of the Enlightenment is that emphasis was placed on the group rather than the individual. Thomas Paine believed in the equality of man. (502) He did not believe in the creed that was professed by the Jewish, Roman, Greek, Turkish, and Protestant church. He believed that his own mind was his own church. He believed that every national church or religion has established itself by pretending some special mission from God and communicated to certain individuals. (502-503) This was a rejection of the supernatural superstitions and miracles. His papers Common Sense and The American Crisis were not widely accepted. .ube84457f65d40668e6201eb1edfbfd6a , .ube84457f65d40668e6201eb1edfbfd6a .postImageUrl , .ube84457f65d40668e6201eb1edfbfd6a .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ube84457f65d40668e6201eb1edfbfd6a , .ube84457f65d40668e6201eb1edfbfd6a:hover , .ube84457f65d40668e6201eb1edfbfd6a:visited , .ube84457f65d40668e6201eb1edfbfd6a:active { border:0!important; } .ube84457f65d40668e6201eb1edfbfd6a .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ube84457f65d40668e6201eb1edfbfd6a { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ube84457f65d40668e6201eb1edfbfd6a:active , .ube84457f65d40668e6201eb1edfbfd6a:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ube84457f65d40668e6201eb1edfbfd6a .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ube84457f65d40668e6201eb1edfbfd6a .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ube84457f65d40668e6201eb1edfbfd6a .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ube84457f65d40668e6201eb1edfbfd6a .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ube84457f65d40668e6201eb1edfbfd6a:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ube84457f65d40668e6201eb1edfbfd6a .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ube84457f65d40668e6201eb1edfbfd6a .ube84457f65d40668e6201eb1edfbfd6a-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ube84457f65d40668e6201eb1edfbfd6a:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: tess of the d' Urbervilles and fate Essay I believe that these two works were influential in the age of Enlightenment. Common Sense helped create the national mood that inspired The Declaration of Independence. His Common Sense paper stated many different things about society and about the government. I believed that his statement that those who are in a community, if they have a common interest, will mutually and naturally support each other and this depends on the strength of the government and those who are governed by that government says it all. The origin and the rise of the government was a mode that was necessary by the inability of the moral virtue to govern the world. The design and end of government is freedom and security. (495) This follows the deist characteristic that ethics is limited to general revelation because the universe is normal and it reveals what is right. Paine roused colonists with the first sentence of his .

Tuesday, December 3, 2019

The Fourth Branch of Government free essay sample

The Fourth Branch of Government It has been taught since elementary school that the United States government consists of three branches, including the Executive, Legislative, and Judicial. However, in those early days, there were no lessons on the influential fourth branch of government that operates alongside the other three and plays a central and increasingly active role in the system of checks and balances that was apparently designed to keep any one group from getting too much power.This essay defines the fourth branch of government and discusses its implications and increased powers, as well as the substantial affects it has on every person’s daily life. According to Vago (2009), the fourth branch of government is defined as administrative agencies with legislative authority to conduct investigations, make rules, and legally as well as officially make decisions about problems or disputes. For example, per the Free Dictionary. com, the Social Security Administration promu lgates regulations concerning the provision of income for totally disabled people and also decides who is or is not disabled. We will write a custom essay sample on The Fourth Branch of Government or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Additionally, for instance, if an employee is discriminated against on the basis of his or her race, color, religious origin, and/or sexual orientation, the United States Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (USEEOC) is an administrative agency that, pursuant to its website, is authorized to investigate such charges of discrimination against employers who are covered by the law, make a finding, and then may file a lawsuit to protect the rights of individuals and the interests of the public.However, according to Bovard (1997), â€Å"[f]ederal bureaucracies place increasingly absurd burdens on businesses†. Further, according to the webpage article on lawjrank. org entitled â€Å"Administrative Agency† etc. , the USEEOC and other federal administrative agencies are known as executive agencies regulated by the Executive Branch of government. Nevertheless, an enabling statute may create an independent local or state agency, commission, and/or board, which are not governed by the Executive Branch.The aforesaid webpage article also indicates that the primary difference between an executive agency and an independent agency is that the statute creating an independent agency generally prevents the president from removing the head of an agency without cause. In contrast, a head of an executive agency typically serves at the pleasure of the president. The United States Supreme Court on several occasions has considered whether independent administrative agencies are constitutional.In Humphreys Executor v. United States, 295 U. S. 602, 55 S. Ct. 869, 79 L. Ed. 1611 (1935), the Court held that President Franklin D. Roosevelt could not remove the commissioner of the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) without cause. The statute that created the commission permitted removal of the commissioner only for inefficiency, neglect of duty, or malfeasance of office. In Humphrey, President Roosevelt attempted to remove FTC Commissioner William E.Humphrey, who was nominated by President Herbert Hoover to a seven-year term in 1931, in order to replace him with an individual of Roosevelts choice. The Humphrey Court held that because he was not an executive officer, the president could not remove him from office except for the causes set forth in the statute. † Several of the administrative agencies that affect everyday activities are independent agencies such as the Securities and Exchange Commission, Central Intelligence Agency, and the National Labor Relations Board.However, there are numerous other local, state and federal agencies that make up the fourth branch of government. These agencies are granted legislative authority to administer specific government programs and areas of concern, and they have procedures and rules of their own. Also, the previously stated webpage article indicates that the fourth branch of government is â€Å"an official governmental body empowered with the authority to direct and supervise the implementation of particular legislative acts†.For example, the Department of Justice functions as the administrative agency that addre sses the legal concerns of the federal government and individuals. Within the Department of Justice is another agency known as the Drug Enforcement Administration which according to its website enforces laws and regulations against controlled dangerous substances, including illegal drugs such as heroin and cocaine trafficking. Every place people visit, whatever people eat, buy, grow, wear, read, watch, send, and/or receive are governed by some agency rule or regulation.Take for instance, in New Jersey, a leisurely park is regulated by a town’s local Park Commission, which is regulated by the State Division of Parks and Forests, which is regulated by the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection, which is regulated by the United States Environmental Protection Agency, all of which are administrative agencies within the fourth branch of government. Additionally, vegetables bought at a local grocery store are agency regulated. The vegetables must be free of pesticides and other pollutants regulated by the Department of Agriculture and the Food and Drug Administration.Someone deposited money in their bank account and it suddenly disappeared because of fraudulent activity, but it is replaceable due to the rules and regulations of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. Another wins $1,000 on a single wager at a horse betting parlor but wait, the Internal Revenue Service also wins because under its rules and regulations, it gets a share. And, then, the Horse Racing Commission regulates the owners, trainers, jockeys, horses, and the racetrack, all governed by the State Gaming Commission. Administrative agencies are everywhere and there is no escaping them.As stated by Vago (2009), â€Å"[o]n the federal level, there are some 50 agencies in Washington alone (Hill and Hill, 2004). The average state probably has more than 100 administrative agencies with powers of adjudication or rulemaking or both (Davis, 1975a:8). † (p. 128) The primary implication of administrative agencies is that they have too much power and do not conform to what our forefathers had in mind when the United States Constitution was formulated or what was so eloquently stated by our late former President Abraham Lincoln in his famous Gettysburg Address, â€Å"government by the people and for the people†.According to Epstein’s website article entitled â€Å"Why the modern administrative state is inconsistent with the rule of law†, †[t]he creation of what has been optimistically called â€Å"the Fourth Branch† of government necessarily poses challenges o n the integration of this fourth branch of government with the other three branches, for which there is explicit textual authority. That task must, †¦, provide for the separation of functions (which is nowhere stated in the Constitution) in order to achieve the protections against the arbitrary application of power which the separation of powers (which is in the Constitution) was designed to preserve. Further, the implication of administrative agencies is that the heads of many, if not all of them, whether local, state, are federal appear to be selected based on various forms of favoritism and/or political influence that have little or nothing to do with their ability to do the job. As stated by Postell (2010), â€Å"[t]he overwhelming majority of laws in this country are made not by Congress, but by administrative agencies. They execute their laws and adjudicate alleged violations of their laws through agency-employed hearing officers or administrative law judges.In this fourth branch of government, filled with unelected and unaccountable experts, all three powers of government are consolidated†. America has defaulted to an administrative state, which according to Rothkopf (2010), â€Å"has been gaining power in ways that the forefathers never imagined largely because they didnt conceive of it in their political calculus†. Administrative agencies seem to se t themselves apart from the people they are designed to serve. As a result, many of their rules, regulations, and decisions lack compassion and thus are prone to the erosion of public interest and support. In conclusion, the American administrative state needs to be reformed with the development of strategies to prevent them from having such broad legislative powers and to make them more accountable to all people. These reforms would ensure that the only burdens we suffer are those we impose on ourselves, with a government over which we, the people, finally have regained at least some control as our founding fathers intended.